Continuous Annealing
Multi-zone open-fire or premix furnaces for low, medium and high carbon steel wire requiring controlled heating and cooling.
Thermal Processing Technology
Annealing, Patenting & Heat Treatment Systems
Continuous and batch thermal-processing systems for steel wire and selected non-ferrous applications, engineered around metallurgy, thermal cycle, atmosphere, wire speed, energy efficiency and downstream process requirements.
Thermal Process Portfolio
Furnace technology selected from the metallurgy
The required microstructure, surface condition, production rate and downstream operation determine the heating and cooling route.
Intermediate Patenting
Austenitizing and controlled quenching systems designed to develop a fine pearlitic structure suitable for subsequent high-reduction drawing.
Oil Tempering
Project-specific hardening and tempering lines for spring-wire and specialty high-carbon applications.
Bell Furnaces
Batch annealing, recrystallization and spheroidizing systems for coils and wire packages.
Pit Furnaces
Heavy-duty batch heat-treatment systems for selected load sizes, product geometries and controlled-atmosphere cycles.
Electric / Resistance Annealing
Special high-speed electrical annealing systems can be engineered for selected copper, aluminium and alloy-wire applications.
Continuous Furnace Technology
Open-fire and premix systems for steel wire
Combustion and furnace geometry are optimized around heat transfer, temperature uniformity, turndown, scale formation and process stability.
Open-Fire Furnace
Direct-fired multi-zone furnace architecture for robust continuous steel-wire annealing and austenitizing.
Premix Furnace
Premixed combustion systems for high thermal uniformity, controlled excess air and stable zone control across a broad production window.
High-Velocity Convection
Burner and gas-flow architecture can be arranged to improve convective heat transfer and temperature equalization along the wire path.
Muffle / Indirect Heating
Indirect-heating or protected-atmosphere sections can be considered where surface chemistry or atmosphere isolation is critical.
Fluidized-Bed Option
Fluid-bed heating or quenching can be evaluated for applications requiring very high heat-transfer coefficients and compact thermal sections.
Recuperation
Recuperative combustion-air preheating and exhaust-energy recovery can be integrated to reduce specific fuel consumption.
Thermal Engineering
Heat balance before furnace sizing
Installed power and furnace length are calculated from wire mass flow, target temperature, residence time, radiation/convection transfer, atmosphere and system losses.
| Wire materials | Low / medium / high carbon steel; selected stainless, copper, aluminium and alloy applications by project |
|---|---|
| Heating energy | Natural gas / LPG / electric / hybrid according to process |
| Combustion systems | Open-fire, premix and application-specific indirect-heating arrangements |
| Temperature zoning | Multi-zone closed-loop control with recipe-based setpoints |
| Atmosphere | Air, controlled-combustion atmosphere, nitrogen or project-specific protective / reducing atmosphere |
| Cooling | Air, water, fluid bed, oil or project-specific controlled quench |
| Heat recovery | Recuperative combustion air and process heat-recovery options |
| Automation | PLC/HMI, burner management, temperature logging, recipe control and diagnostics |
Intermediate Patenting
Austenitizing, quenching and redraw preparation
The patenting line is treated as one metallurgical route: furnace, quench, descaling and surface preparation are engineered together.
01Multi-wire pay-off
02Pre-cleaning
03Austenitizing furnace
04Temperature equalization
05Controlled quench
06Cooling stabilization
07Acid descaling
08Rinsing
09Phosphate option
10Borax / lubricant carrier
11Drying
12Take-up / drawing feed
Patenting Quench Options
Cooling route selected from the required transformation
The quench must provide the cooling rate and holding behavior required to obtain the target pearlitic structure without compromising surface quality or operating safety.
Lead Quench
Conventional high-performance patenting route where metallurgical uniformity and precise isothermal treatment are priorities.
Fluid-Bed Quench
Alternative high-heat-transfer system that can eliminate molten lead for suitable product and metallurgy windows.
Water / Polymer / Foam Quench
Controlled aqueous quenching can be engineered where the product allows a non-lead patenting route.
Quench Recirculation
Forced circulation and heat removal stabilize the quench medium across the full wire field.
Temperature Monitoring
Process temperatures, medium condition and cooling duty can be continuously monitored and recorded.
Environmental Alternatives
Lead-free routes can be evaluated during project engineering where environmental or regulatory requirements justify the process change.
Oil Tempering Lines
Hardening and tempering for spring-wire applications
Oil-tempering lines can be configured for specialty wire products requiring controlled austenitizing, quenching and tempering.
01Pay-off
02Cleaning / preparation
03Austenitizing
04Oil quench
05Oil removal
06Tempering
07Final cooling
08Take-up
Batch Heat Treatment
Bell and pit furnaces for coil and wire-package treatment
Batch systems are designed for annealing, recrystallization and spheroidizing where long controlled cycles and uniform load temperature are required.
Bell Furnaces
Suitable for controlled-atmosphere treatment of wire coils and packages with heating, soak and controlled cooling cycles.
Spheroidizing
Long controlled cycles for cold-heading-quality and specialty wire.
Recrystallization
Restoration of ductility after cold working.
Protective Atmosphere
Nitrogen or project-specific atmosphere systems can be integrated.
| Batch size | Project-specific; scalable from small batches to heavy industrial loads |
|---|---|
| Heating | Natural gas / LPG / electric |
| Atmosphere | N₂ or project-specific protective / reducing atmosphere |
| Cycle control | Programmable heating, soak and cooling recipes |
| Temperature uniformity | Circulation and load arrangement engineered from batch geometry |
| Cooling | Natural, forced-gas or external cooling system according to cycle target |
| Data logging | Batch recipe, temperature history, alarms and traceability |
High-Speed Electrical Annealing
Special systems for copper, aluminium and alloy wire
For selected non-ferrous wire applications, Joule-effect resistance annealing can provide compact high-speed thermal treatment directly integrated with drawing equipment.
Typical Electrical Annealer Functions
Current is automatically coordinated with wire diameter and line speed to maintain the required annealing energy over changing production conditions.
| Process principle | Direct electrical / Joule-effect resistance heating |
|---|---|
| Typical materials | Copper, aluminium and selected alloys |
| Configuration | Single or twin wire; special multi-wire concepts by project |
| Cooling | Controlled spray / immersion cooling and thermoregulated circulation |
| Atmosphere / drying | Nitrogen, steam and drying channels can be integrated according to product |
| Control | Automatic annealing-current adjustment versus diameter and speed |
Energy Efficiency
Lower specific energy through furnace and process integration
Energy reduction is addressed at burner, furnace, exhaust, cooling and production-control level rather than through one component alone.
Premix Combustion
Optimized air/fuel mixing and controlled excess air support stable, efficient combustion.
Recuperative Burners
Exhaust energy can be recovered directly into combustion air where burner and furnace architecture permit.
Furnace Insulation
Refractory and insulation systems are selected to reduce shell loss and stored-energy penalties.
Production Turndown
Burner and control architecture can be sized for stable operation across a broad throughput range.
Heat Recovery
Exhaust heat can be used for combustion-air preheating, process drying or other suitable plant consumers.
Process Data
Specific energy, temperatures and production data can be logged for optimization and maintenance analysis.
Automation & Safety
Thermal process control with machine-level safety
Combustion safety, atmosphere safety and process control are engineered as part of the furnace—not added after mechanical design.
| Burner management | Automatic purge, ignition, flame supervision and fuel shut-off sequencing |
|---|---|
| Gas train | Pressure regulation, min/max pressure supervision, safety shut-off valves and leak-test provisions as required |
| Temperature control | Multi-zone closed-loop control with thermocouple supervision and recipe management |
| Atmosphere safety | Flow, pressure and oxygen / process-gas monitoring according to atmosphere type |
| PLC/HMI | Siemens, Schneider Electric, Mitsubishi or customer-specified industrial automation |
| Compliance | CE / destination-market safety engineering, with applicable combustion, electrical and machine-safety standards |
Configure a Heat-Treatment Line
Start Thermal Engineering →
Send us the material, wire size, mass flow and required metallurgical cycle.
We will calculate the heat balance, furnace length, installed power, zone architecture, atmosphere, quench duty and cooling system.